Illinois DUI Lawyer Blawg

Published on: May 20, 2011

Driver’s license revocation in Illinois for refusing Breathalyzer

Since 1986, Illinois law has had in place the Statutory Summary Suspension (SSS) law. If, in connection with a DUI arrest, the police ask you to provide a breath or blood sample to analyze your alcohol level, you have the choice of whether to submit or refuse.

If you submit and register over the legal limit of .08, your driver’s license will be suspended automatically on the 46th day after you provide the sample. If you have not had a DUI arrest in the previous 5 years, your license will be suspended for 6 months.

During the first 30 days of the suspension, you are prohibited from driving. For the final 5 months of the suspension, you are entitled to a Monitoring Device Driving Permit (MDDP). That permit allows you to unlimited driving privileges, but you must install a breath machine (BAIID) in your vehicle.

If you register over .08 and have had a DUI arrest in the 5 years before you provide the breath sample, your license will be suspended for 1 year. You cannot receive any type of driving privileges, even a hardship permit, during the year.

The law is designed to encourage you to provide a breath or blood sample because doing so usually makes it easier for the state to convict you of DUI. Therefore, if you refuse to submit a sample and have not had a DUI for at least 5 years, your license will be suspended for a full year. You are entitled to an MDDP during the last 11 months of the suspension.

If you refuse to provide breath or blood and it has been fewer than 5 years since you had a DUI arrest, you will be suspended for 3 years. You cannot drive at all during the entire 3 years.

Although an SSS occurs even if you beat the DUI charges your license will only be suspended. As soon as the suspension is over, your driving privileges will restored upon payment of the fee provided you are not convicted of the DUI.

But if you do not beat the DUI charges, the Secretary of State will revoke your driver’s license. A revoked driver’s license can only be restored through a driver’s license reinstatement hearing. However, until now, before the revocation could occur, the law had usually required the state to prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that you were guilty of DUI.

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Published on: May 13, 2011

Illinois DUI supervision or probation

By Theodore Harvatin

In the context of Driving Under the Influence (DUI) arrests, Illinois offers three sentencing options. You ought to be aware of these if your DUI lawyer concludes that your Constitutional rights have not been violated, if the state has complied with all procedural requirements and if the evidence against you suggests the state can prove your guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

Most people unfamiliar with the criminal justice system consider crime to consist of offenses such as murder, rape and robbery. They are crimes, felonies. However, DUI is also a crime, a lower level crime known in Illinois as a misdemeanor. (In some circumstances, DUI is a felony but a first or second offense is a misdemeanor).

An act is a crime if our elected officials (the Illinois General Assembly) have declared that committing the act is illegal and if the consequences of committing the illegal act include monetary fines and/or jail or prison time. “Jail” refers to incarceration (lock-up) in the county jail; “prison” refers to incarceration in a state prison under the control of the Illinois Department of Corrections.

You may be aware that a DUI arrest also carriers with it driver’s license consequences. Thus, your driver’s license will be suspended if you decline to provide the officer with a breath or blood sample at the time of the arrest, or if you provide a sample that is above the legal limit of .08.

Likewise, if you are convicted of DUI, your driver’s license will be revoked. Unlike a suspension, which ends automatically, you may, following a driver’s license revocation, only get your license back by having a driver’s license hearing.

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Published on: May 6, 2011

Investigatory stops and Driving Under the Influence (DUI) charges

By Theodore Harvatin

It has not (yet) reached the point where the police can stop the operator of a motor vehicle for no reason whatsoever. You are protected from “unreasonable searches and seizures“. Judges decide where to draw the line between reasonable and unreasonable searches and seizures.

When you are in your house, the police are generally required to have more evidence before they can search your property and seize (arrest) you. In a motor vehicle, you enjoy a lower level of protection from unreasonable searches and seizures.

The police cannot stop a citizen just because “you look suspicious”. Courts have held that the police must have specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from those facts, reasonably warrant the intrusion that a stop involves. These are known as invesitgatory stops.

If the police directly observe you committing a traffic violation, such as speeding, they are entitled to stop you for a brief enough period to investigate the traffic violation. That is where your troubles can start.

Once they do stop you for a routine traffic offense, they may then further their investigation if they believe you may be driving under the influence of alcohol. Common signs are an odor of alcohol, bloodshot eyes, slurred speech, open containers in the vehicle and difficulty locating your driver’s license, registration or insurance card.

The police are also entitled to investigate if they find you pulled over to the side of the road, or asleep in your vehicle or after you have been involved in an accident, even if the accident was not your fault. They are also, under proper circumstances, permitted to erect DUI roadblocks.

It can be more complicated when the police do not actually observe you committing an offense but have reason to believe that you may have. A citizen’s complaint, from someone whom the police have reasonable grounds to believe is reliable, will justify a stop.

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Published on: April 29, 2011

Fourth Amendment Rights in Driving Under the Influence Prosecutions

By Theodore Harvatin

The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits “unreasonable searches and seizures”. An arrest, including a DUI arrest, constitutes a seizure.

If a court (judge) finds that a seizure is unreasonable, the arrest is deemed illegal. For the most part, any evidence gathered as a result of the arrest is also illegal.

Due to United States Supreme Court decisions, the remedy for an illegal arrest is to suppress (“throw out”) the evidence. Without evidence, the state cannot prove its case, resulting in dismissal of the charges. (This is what is meant by “a technicality”).

The Constitution does not specify when a seizure is or is not “unreasonable”, a wise choice since what can be viewed as unreasonable in one time and place can be considered reasonable in another. It is left to the courts to decide where to draw the line.

The Illinois court system has three layers. The first is the trial court. This is what most people consider “court” with judges, juries, and presentation of witnesses and other evidence all playing a part.

The next level, if is either side is unhappy with the decision and has the time and money to take it further, is the appellate court. In Illinois, there are five appellate court districts, broken down by geography. So, for instance, the Fourth Appellate District, whose physical location is in Springfield, would hear an appeal from a Macon County (Decatur) case.

Appellate court cases do not involve either party presenting additional evidence. Instead, the lawyers argue the case based upon the evidence presented at the trial court.

Each of the five appellate courts consists of a three-judge panel that, after hearing the arguments and reading the briefs (papers) of the lawyers, issues a written decision usually published for all to read. All trial court judges are required to follow the rules set out in the published appellate court decisions.

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Published on: April 22, 2011

Illinois Supreme Court rules on important Driving Under the Influence (DUI) case

By Theodore Harvatin

On April 21, 2011, the Illinois Supreme Court, in a unanimous 7-0 opinion, issued a ruling important to Illinois DUI lawyers. Understanding the decision requires some knowledge of Illinois DUI law.

The state has several methods at its disposal to sustain a DUI charge. The traditional means is to prove that as a result of your consumption of alcohol, your ability to drive was impaired. This is the “actual impairment” DUI.

Prosecutors were finding it too hard to prove actual impairment. Therefore, in order to stack the deck against those charged with DUI, the Illinois General Assembly passed DUI laws that make it illegal to drive with a blood alcohol level above the legal limit, which was originally .10 but is now .08.

This number represents the percent of alcohol in your bloodstream. Prosecutions that rely upon the .08 are known as “pro se alcohol” violations.

The per se blood alcohol legal limit can be measured by actual blood samples, which is expensive and time-consuming. So, to make it easier for the state to convict you of DUI, the law allows the police to demand that you give a breath sample by blowing into a mouthpiece connected to a machine (the Breathalyzer). This machine supposedly converts the breath sample into blood alcohol level equivalents.

Sometimes the police claim that a person is under the influence of illegal drugs. This is also illegal but hard to prove as it requires proof of actual impairment from the drugs.

Likewise, you may be taking legally dispensed prescription medications. The police may suspect your medications are impairing your driving. If so, you are guilty of DUI. But again, actual impairment is hard to prove.

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Published on: April 15, 2011

Driver’s License Reinstatement Fact Sheet

By Theodore Harvatin

If you are arrested for Driving Under the Influence (DUI) in the State of Illinois, you immediately have two cases. One involves the criminal case (jail, fines, probation etc). The other involves the driver’s license.

Your driver’s license will be suspended for a period of time, anywhere from 6 months to 3 years, depending upon your driving record and whether or not you agreed to provide a breath or blood sample to the police. If you have not had a DUI arrest in the previous 5 years, you are a “first offender”. As such, your driver’s license will be suspended for 6 months if you submit to testing and 12 months if you refuse to submit to testing.

If you have had a DUI arrest in the previous 5 years, you are not a first offender. You will be suspended for 1 year if you submit to testing and 3 years if you refuse testing.

A non first offender is not entitled to any sort of driving privileges. You will not be able to drive for the entire suspension period, be that 1 year or 3 years.

A first offender can, after the first 30 days of a suspension, receive a Monitoring Device Driving Permit (MDDP). If you want one, it will cost you, both in fees to the state and to the facility that installs and monitors the breath testing device installed in your ignition system (BAIID). However, with an MDDP, you can drive anywhere, at any time, for any reason.

A suspension has an automatic ending date. When that date comes, you simple pay a fee and your driving privileges will be restored. The bigger problem arises if you are ultimately convicted of the DUI charge. Now your license is revoked for 1 year, 5 years or 10 years, depending upon whether you have any previous DUI convictions on your record.

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Published on: April 8, 2011

Recent Revisions to Monitoring Device Driving Permit (MDDP)

By Theodore Harvatin

If you have been arrested for Driving Under the Influence (DUI) in Illinois you may be eligible for an MDDP during the time your driver’s license is suspended. During a DUI arrest, you will be asked to provide the police with a breath or blood sample to determine whether your blood alcohol level exceeds the legal limit. In Illinois, as in all 50 states, the legal limit is .08.

If you submit a blood or breath sample and register above .08, or you refuse to submit, your driver’s license will be suspended. A suspension, unlike a driver’s license revocation, automatically ends when the suspension period is over.

Should this be your second DUI offense in the past five years, your license will be suspended for 1 year or 3 years. If you submit to a test, the suspension will be for 1 year. If you decline to submit, the suspension will last for 3 years.

As you can see, the law is designed to encourage you to submit to testing, in order to make it easier for the police to prove their case. You are not allowed to drive for any purpose during the 1 or 3 year suspension, not even with a restricted driving permit (RDP). This forces a non first offender to think long and hard about whether to offer a blood or breath sample.

On the other hand, if you have not had a DUI arrest in the 5 years preceding a current arrest, your suspension time will be shorter and you may be eligible for an MDDP. Notice that you may be eligible for the MDDP even if this is not your first DUI offense. You are considered a first offender for MDDP purposes so long as the arrests are more than 5 years apart, no matter how many arrests are on your record.

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Published on: April 1, 2011

Illinois DUI treatment requirements

By Theodore Harvatin

If you are convicted of Driving Under the Influence (DUI) in Illinois, your driver’s license will be revoked. In order to be allowed to drive legally, you must have a hearing with the Secretary of State.

There are certain steps for you to take in order to prepare for such a hearing. First, you will be required to obtain a drug and alcohol evaluation. It is likely that you were presented such an evaluation to the judge at the time of your sentencing due following your DUI arrest.

You must obtain the evaluation from a professional evaluator licensed by the Illinois Department of Human Services, Division of Alcohol and Substance Abuse (DASA) The evaluator interviews you concerning your past alcohol and drug related problems, if any, asks questions about the circumstances of your DUI arrest and ascertains other information about you.

The evaluator then plugs the information into a computer program that DASA requires all evaluators to use. The program, based upon the data inputted, generates a risk level for you, minimal risk, moderate risk, significant risk, high risk dependent or high risk non dependent.

The only way you can be minimal risk is if you have only one DUI arrest and a BAC reading of less than .15. If your BAC is at least.15 but under .20, or if you refuse to provide a breath or blood sample, you must be at least moderate risk.

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Published on: March 25, 2011

Illinois DUI enforcement and civil rights

By Theodore Harvatin

“Civil rights” refers to your right to be free from overreaching government action. There was a time when someone arrested for Driving Under the Influence (DUI) enjoyed the same civil rights as every other citizen. Not so much any longer with DUI (and a few other politically unpopular crimes).

In the realm of DUI law, we are primarily dealing with the Fourth Amendment right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures. To a lesser extent, there are issues of self-incrimination enshrined in the Fifth Amendment (“Miranda rights”) and the Sixth Amendment right to counsel.

You should understand that there are essentially two related but separate aspects to a DUI offense. The first, and the one that generally has the most immediate impact, involves driver’s license suspension, revocation and reinstatement. The other is the DUI charge, a criminal offense.

During a DUI arrest, you will be asked to perform standard field sobriety tests, including the Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN), the one-legged stand and the walk-and-turn test. You should also anticipate being asked to perform a portable breath test (PBT).

Although your performance on these tests will be used to determine whether or not you are arrested for DUI, you are not entitled to demand the presence of an attorney while you perform them. Your only options are to refuse to perform the tests (which can and will be used against you in a court of law) or take the tests and risk incriminating yourself.

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Published on: March 18, 2011

How your driver’s license may be revoked without a trial

By Theodore Harvatin

In Illinois, if you are convicted of Driving Under the Influence (DUI), the Illinois Secretary of State is required to revoke your driver’s license. The revocation could be for 1, 5 or 10 years, depending upon your previous record.

By law, a revocation can only be undone through a driver’s license hearing with the Secretary of State. During the 1, 5 or 10-year revocation period, you may be eligible for a restricted driving permit (RDP) if you can show undue hardship.

A 1-year revocation results from a first conviction. A second conviction within 20 years of a previous arrest leads to a revocation for 5 years. A third conviction within any period of time will cost you your license for 10 years.

You must not confuse a revocation with a statutory summary suspension. A suspension in connection with a DUI arrest results from the fact that you failed to provide the police with a blood or breath sample upon request, or you provided a sample that show your blood alcohol content to be above the legal limit of .08. A suspension ends automatically once the suspension time is over.

If you have not had a DUI arrest within the last 5 years, the suspension will be for 6 months if you agree to provide a blood or breath sample and 12 months if you refuse. Restricted driving relief (hardship license) is an option.

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